lsup_rdf/include/term.h

#ifndef LSUP_TERM_H
#define LSUP_TERM_H

#include <assert.h>
#include <regex.h>

#include "xxhash.h"

#include "buffer.h"

// URI parsing regular expression. Conforms to RFC3986.
#define URI_REGEX_STR \
    "^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?"
#define SEED 0 // TODO Make configurable.
#define LANG_SIZE 8 // Size in chars of lang tag

// "NULL" key, a value that is never user-provided. Used to mark special
// values (e.g. deleted records).
#define NULL_KEY 0

// "NULL" triple, a value that is never user-provided. Used to fill deleted
// triples in a keyset.
#define NULL_TRP {NULL_KEY, NULL_KEY, NULL_KEY}

#define UUID4_URN_SIZE UUIDSTR_SIZE + 10


typedef XXH64_hash_t LSUP_TermHash64;
typedef char langtag[LANG_SIZE];

#define TTYPE_TBL \
    ENTRY (UNDEFINED,     0) \
    ENTRY (URI,           1) \
    ENTRY (BNODE,         2) \
    ENTRY (LITERAL,       3)

typedef enum LSUP_term_type {
#define ENTRY(a, b) LSUP_TERM_##a = b,
    TTYPE_TBL
#undef ENTRY
} LSUP_term_type;

typedef struct LSUP_Term {
    LSUP_term_type type;
    // This language variable currently supports a 2-digit ISO 639 language
    // code and a 2-character ISO 3166-1 country code, separated by a hyphen.
    // See https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47#section-2.1
    langtag lang;
    char *datatype;
    char *data;
} LSUP_Term;


/** @brief Create a new term.
 *
 * @param type[in] Term type. One of #LSUP_term_type.
 *
 * @param data[in] Term data: textual URI, literal value without data type
 *  or langtag, etc.
 *
 * @param datatype[in]: data type for literals.
 *
 * @param lang[in]: language tag for string literals.
 *
 * @param term[out] Pointer to a new term, which must be freed with
 *  #LSUP_term_free after use.
 *
 * @return LSUP_OK if successful, LSUP_VALUE_ERR if validation fails.
 */
LSUP_Term *
LSUP_term_new(
        LSUP_term_type type, const char *data, char *datatype, char *lang);


/** @brief Placeholder term to use with LSUP_term_reset.
 */
#define TERM_DUMMY LSUP_term_new (LSUP_TERM_UNDEFINED, NULL, NULL, NULL)


/** @brief Shortcut to create a URI.
 *
 * Must be freed with #LSUP_term_free.
 *
 * @param data[in] The URI string. If NULL, a UUID4-based URN is generated.
 *
 * @param uri[out] The URI to be created.
 *
 * @return LSUP_OK if successful, LSUP_VALUE_ERR if validation fails.
 */
inline LSUP_Term *
LSUP_uri_new (const char *data)
{
    if (!data) {
        uuid_t uuid;
        uuid_generate_random (uuid);

        uuid_str_t uuid_str;
        uuid_unparse_lower (uuid, uuid_str);

        char uri[UUID4_URN_SIZE];
        snprintf (uri, UUID4_URN_SIZE, "urn:uuid4:%s", uuid_str);

        data = uri;
    }

    return LSUP_term_new (LSUP_TERM_URI, data, NULL, NULL);
}


/* @brief Reuse a pre-allocated term structure.
 *
 * The structure must have been previously created with #LSUP_term_new. It can
 * be reinitialized multiple times without freeing it. It must be eventually
 * freed with #LSUP_term_free.
 */
LSUP_rc
LSUP_term_init(
        LSUP_Term *term, LSUP_term_type type,
        const char *data, char *datatype, char *lang);


LSUP_Term *
LSUP_term_new_from_buffer (const LSUP_Buffer *sterm);


LSUP_Buffer *
LSUP_buffer_new_from_term (const LSUP_Term *term);


/**
 * @brief Shortcut to initialize a URI.
 */
inline LSUP_rc
LSUP_uri_init (LSUP_Term *term, const char *data)
{
    if (!data) {
        uuid_t uuid;
        uuid_generate_random (uuid);

        uuid_str_t uuid_str;
        uuid_unparse_lower (uuid, uuid_str);

        char uri[UUIDSTR_SIZE + 10];
        sprintf (uri, "urn:uuid4:%s", uuid_str);

        data = uri;
    }

    return LSUP_term_init (term, LSUP_TERM_URI, data, NULL, NULL);
}


/** @brief Simple ad-hoc serialization function.
 *
 * The resulting term must be freed with #LSUP_term_free after use.
 */
LSUP_rc
LSUP_term_serialize (const LSUP_Term *term, LSUP_Buffer *sterm);


/** @brief Deserialize a buffer into a term.
 *
 * The buffer must be a well-formed serialization of a term, e.g. as obtained
 * by #LSUP_term_serialize.
 */
LSUP_rc
LSUP_term_deserialize (const LSUP_Buffer *sterm, LSUP_Term *term);


inline LSUP_Key
LSUP_sterm_to_key (const LSUP_Buffer *sterm)
{
    if (UNLIKELY (sterm == NULL)) return NULL_KEY;

    return XXH64(sterm->addr, sterm->size, SEED);
}


/** @brief Hash a term into a key.
 *
 * If NULL is passed, the result is NULL_KEY.
 */
inline LSUP_Key
LSUP_term_to_key (const LSUP_Term *term)
{
    if (UNLIKELY (term == NULL)) return NULL_KEY;

    LSUP_Buffer *sterm = LSUP_buffer_new_from_term (term);
    LSUP_Key key = XXH64(sterm->addr, sterm->size, SEED);

    LSUP_buffer_free (sterm);

    return key;
}

/**
 * Compare two terms.
 */
bool LSUP_term_equals (const LSUP_Term *term1, const LSUP_Term *term2);

/*
// TODO Implement when xxhash v0.8 is released with stable xxhash128 function.
inline XXH128_hash_t
LSUP_term_hash128(const LSUP_Term *term);
*/

void
LSUP_term_done (LSUP_Term *term);

void
LSUP_term_free (LSUP_Term *term);

#endif